The Apostles and Their History
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THE APOSTLES AND THEIR HISTORY
| NAME | Simon |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Peter or Cephas = Rock |
| PARENTS | Jonah |
| HOME | Early life: Bethsaida; Later: Capernaum |
| BUSINESS | Fisherman |
| WRITINGS | 1 & 2 Peter |
| WORK | Peter may have ministered in the provinces of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, perhaps in Corinth, and finally in Rome. |
| DEATH | According to tradition, attested by Tertullian and Origin, Peter was crucified “with his head downwards” in Rome. The date of his death is likely between ad 64 and 68. |
| NAME | Andrew = manhood or valor |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | |
| PARENTS | Jonah |
| HOME | Early life: Bethsaida; Later: Capernaum |
| BUSINESS | Fisherman |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | Uncertain but tradition says he ministered in Cappadocia, Galatia, Bithynia; later in the Sythian deserts and Byzantium; and finally in Thrace, Macedonia, Thessaly, and Achaia. |
| DEATH | The traditional view is that he was crucified at Patrae in Achaia by order of the Roman governor Ageas. |
| NAME | James the greater or the elder |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Boanerges or Sons of Thunder |
| PARENTS | Zebedee and Salome |
| HOME | Bethsaida, Capernaum, and Jerusalem |
| BUSINESS | Fisherman |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | Preached in Jerusalem and Judea |
| DEATH | Beheaded by Herod Agrippa I in ad 44 or 66 in Jerusalem |
| NAME | John, the beloved disciple |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Boanerges or Sons of Thunder |
| PARENTS | Zebedee and Salome |
| HOME | Bethsaida, Capernaum, and Jerusalem |
| BUSINESS | Fisherman |
| WRITINGS | Gospel, three epistles, and Revelation |
| WORK | Labored among the churches of Asia Minor, especially in Ephesus |
| DEATH | Banished to Patmos ad 95. Recalled; died a natural death |
| NAME | James the less |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | |
| PARENTS | Alphaeus and Mary |
| HOME | Galilee |
| BUSINESS | |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | Preached in Judea and Egypt |
| DEATH | According to tradition, he was martyred in Egypt. |
| NAME | Judas (not Iscariot) |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Same as Thaddaeus and Lebbaeus |
| PARENTS | James |
| HOME | Galilee |
| BUSINESS | |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | Preached in Mesopotamia and Armenia |
| DEATH | Was martyred in present day Iran and buried near Tabriz |
| NAME | Philip |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | |
| PARENTS | |
| HOME | Bethsaida |
| BUSINESS | |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | Preached in Phrygia |
| DEATH | Was martyred in Phrygia; tradition says that he was buried in Hieropolis. |
| NAME | Bartholomew |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nathaniel |
| PARENTS | |
| HOME | Cana of Galilee |
| BUSINESS | |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | One tradition says he preached in India. Others say he ministered in Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, Armenia, Lycaonia, Phrygia, and on the shores of the Black Sea. |
| DEATH | One tradition says King Astyages of Babylon had him flayed and beheaded because the king’s brother had been converted under Bartholomew’s preaching. |
| NAME | Matthew |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Levi |
| PARENTS | |
| HOME | Galilee |
| BUSINESS | Tax Collector |
| WRITINGS | Gospel |
| WORK | There is strong consensus that he preached to his own people for nearly two decades. He is also associated with Ethiopia to the south of the Caspian Sea, Parthia, Macedonia, and Syria. |
| DEATH | Some sources say Matthew was martyred; others say he died a natural death. |
| NAME | Thomas |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Didymus |
| PARENTS | |
| HOME | Galilee |
| BUSINESS | |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | Tradition says Thomas brought the gospel to India. |
| DEATH | He is said to have been killed with a spear. Later his remains were taken to Edessa. |
| NAME | Simon |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | The Zealot |
| PARENTS | |
| HOME | Galilee |
| BUSINESS | |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | Preached in Persia |
| DEATH | Tradition says Simon was tortured and sawed in two. |
| NAME | Judas |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Iscariot |
| PARENTS | Simon Iscariot |
| HOME | Kerioth of Judea |
| BUSINESS | |
| WRITINGS | |
| WORK | Betrayed Jesus |
| DEATH | Suicide |